The Stored Program Editor uses different colors to highlight PL/SQL syntax elements within a program.
When you set the cursor at a bracket within an expression, the matching bracket is automatically highlighted.
When you place the cursor in or a block, procedure, loop, or IF statement, you will see arrows in the gutter (to the left of the code listing) that mark the beginning and end of the block.
A number of other markers are used as well.
You can specify the behavior of these features in Preferences dialogs.